List of Iraq War resisters

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Some soldiers of the coalition forces have refused to participate in the Iraq War. The following is a list of the more notable military personnel who have refused to participate in the Iraq War, broadly categorized by the reasons they themselves give.

Contents 1 Objectors who fled to Canada 1.1 Background 1.2 Legal and Political 1.3 Objectors who remain in Canada 1.3.1 Objectors granted a stay of deportation pending further decisions 1.3.2 Objectors granted a new IRB panel to reconsider their application for permanent legal refugee status 1.4 Objectors who were deported from Canada, or left because of a deportation order 1.4.1 Objectors who had applied for legal refugee status 1.4.2 Objectors who had not applied for legal refugee status 1.5 Objectors who willingly returned to the US without a deportation order 2 Objectors claiming the war is illegal 3 Conscientious objectors 4 Other 5 Punishments given to Iraq War Resisters 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

Objectors who fled to Canada

Background

Some objectors chose Canada as the place of refuge in part of the closeness of the US-Canada Border, entry to Canada is easy and because of the precedence set by former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau in allowing draft dodgers into Canada without prosecution during the Vietnam War.

Legal and Political

For more on political issues and events relating to U.S. Iraq war resisters emigration to Canada, see Canada and Iraq War Resisters: Legal Landscape.

Pursuant to the Treaty between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America on Mutual Legal assistance in Criminal Matters, US authorities can request Canadian authorities to identify, locate and take into custody of US nationals who have committed crime that carries a possible sentence of more than a year ^[1] and subsequently be extradited back to US pursuant to Extradition Treaty Between the United States of America and Canada .^[2] However, the Government of the United States of America must promise those extradited will not receive death penalty in accordance with the ruling of United States v. Burns from the Supreme Court of Canada.

Because the possibilities that deserters have been issued with arrest warrant back in the United States and pursuant to those two agreements above, they are liable for arrest in Canada unless they legalize their status. This can be done by pursuing a refugee claim which the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada will hold a hearing and determine their claim. If refused, they can appeal to the Federal Court, Federal Court of Appeal and finally, Supreme Court of Canada if leave is granted.

However, if the refugee claim is refused and subsequent appeals do not overturn the decision made by IRB, the claimant must leave Canada within 30 days under a removal order.^[3] If the claimant does not leave Canada within 30 days or failed to confirm departure details with CBSA, it automatically becomes a deportation order, enforceable by any peace officer in Canada.^[4]

For further legal information, see below section in See Also for Links relevant to those claiming refugee status in Canada.

Objectors who remain in Canada

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

List from these references:^[5][6] and public information sourced from List of Resister Profiles at "Courage to Resist" website which gives evidence that these military personnel are refusing to participate in specifically the Iraq war.

Objectors granted a stay of deportation pending further decisions

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

• Corey Glass—On July 9, 2008 the Toronto Star reported that Corey Glass "is [now] permitted to remain in Canada until the Federal Court makes a decision on ... cases for judicial review."[9]
• Jeremy Hinzman - (see July 6, 2010 details)
• Matt Lowell (October 27, 2008 ^[13] and January 6, 2009 ^[14])
• Kimberly Rivera - On Aug 11, 2009, she was granted a new "Pre Removal Risk Assessment" hearing with a new officer [10]

Objectors granted a new IRB panel to reconsider their application for permanent legal refugee status

("IRB" is Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada)

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

• Joshua Key -- On July 4, 2008, Joshua Key won a Federal Court (Canada) appeal thus forcing the Refugee board to re-examine his claim.[11][12] [13][14][15] Joshua Key will have a new hearing in front of the Immigration and Refugee Board. The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's July 4, 2008 coverage of the story said that there is now a possibility that he "could qualify as a refugee."^[15] On June 3, 2009, Joshua Key had a new hearing in front of the Immigration and Refugee Board.^{[16][17][18][19]}

Objectors who were deported from Canada, or left because of a deportation order

Objectors who had applied for legal refugee status

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

• Robin Long--On July 16, 2008, the Toronto Star reported that Robin Long "was ordered out of [Canada] last week after he failed to comply with bail conditions imposed when he missed an immigration hearing last year. He was deported yesterday."^[20]
• Chris Teske - January 23, 2009 - Teske was the first war resister to be forced out of Canada who applied for legal refugee status, did not "fail to comply with bail conditions" (as Robin Long did), and yet was still issued a deportation order.^[21]
• Clifford Cornell - In January, 2009 Cornell experienced some legal events.^[22][23] On Feb 4, 2009 Cornell "was arrested on Wednesday after crossing the border from Canada into Washington State." ^[24] On February 23, 2009, Cornell was charged with the crime of desertion with the intent to "avoid hazardous duty and shirk important service"^[25][26] On April 29, 2009, Clifford was convicted of "desertion" and sentenced to one year in prison."^[27] [16]

Objectors who had not applied for legal refugee status

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

• Daniel Sandate - Deported at Niagara Falls, Canada on July 16, 2008 ^[28] after having been in Canada for over 2 years. He was later court-martialed at Ft. Carson and given an 8-month prison sentence.^[29][30] Sandate released a written statement in prison about his opposition to the war in Iraq.^[31] He was released on January 20, 2009 at Ft. Sill, OK, and spoke publicly about his experience at a press conference in Oklahoma City on January 22, 2009.^[32][33]
• James Ashley - On Dec 23, 2008, the Toronto Star reported the following:"A 28-year-old man accused of deserting the U.S. army has been caught by Canadian police and turned over to U.S. authorities in Michigan. James Ashley was returned to the United States on Monday at the Blue Water Bridge in Port Huron. U.S. Customs spokesman Ron Smith says it's not clear if police caught Ashley at the bridge or elsewhere in Ontario. Smith says there's an arrest warrant for Ashley out of Fort Riley, Kansas."^[34] It is unclear whether or not Ashley had intended to legalize his status by pursuing a refugee claim with the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, or whether he had yet to do so. (See Immigration and Refugee Protection Act)

Objectors who willingly returned to the US without a deportation order

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

• Darrell Anderson - Returned to US without court-martial^[35]
• James Burmeister - Returned to US, turned himself in to authorities, was convicted of Desertion July 16, 2008, and was sentenced to 9 months in prison.^[36] He was released Oct 28, 2008, after three months and 10 days in prison.^[37]

Objectors claiming the war is illegal

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

• Ben Griffin - British SAS soldier who believes the war in Iraq is illegal and that the government lied about the wars conduct.^[38] He was allowed to leave the army with no charges filed against him.^[39]
• Malcolm Kendall-Smith - A British unit medical officer for the RAF who refused to deploy on the belief that the war was unlawful.^[40][41] He was charged with and convicted of 5 counts of refusing a lawful order.^[42][43] The judge in his case rejected the defense that the war was illegal, saying that the UK armed forces had full justification under United Nations resolutions to be in Iraq at the time of the charges and that a crime of aggression could not be carried out by such a junior officer.^[44]
• Wilfredo Torres^[45]
• Ehren Watada

Conscientious objectors

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

For purposes of this list, the determination of conscientious objection is made by the individual, not a government. It is frequently the case that individuals and governments disagree on the status.

• Agustin Aguayo (Amnesty International Prisoner of Conscience^[46])
• Kevin Benderman - Served one tour in Iraq then applied for conscientious objector status before his second tour.^[47] He was acquitted of desertion and found guilty of missing a troop movement. He was sentenced to 15 months in prison, demoted to private and given a dishonorable discharge.^[48]
• Former Army interrogator Ricky Clousing^[49][50]
• Diedra Cobb^[51]
• Aidan Delgado - He applied for conscientious objector status in April 2003, which the Army eventually recognized, and he was honorably discharged in April 2004.
• Stephen Funk
• Camilo Mejía
• Pablo Paredes
• Josh Stieber - Blogger and co-author of "Letter to Iraq"^[52]
• Abdullah William Webster (USA Amnesty International Prisoner of Conscience^[53])^[54]
• Mark Wilkerson

Other

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Public information sourced from List of Resister Profiles at "Courage to Resist" website which gives evidence that these military personnel are refusing to participate in specifically the Iraq war.

Punishments given to Iraq War Resisters

This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

War Resister	Country	Date Convicted	Convicted of	Sentence	Actual Prison Time
Stephen Funk	US	Sep. 6, 2003	”Unauthorized Absence”	6 months	6 months
Camilo Mejia	US	May 21, 2004	”Desertion”	12 months	9 months
Abdullah William Webster [17] ( Amnesty International “Prisoner of Conscience” [18])	US	Jun. 3, 2004	”failing to obey commands from superior and missing brigade’s movements”	14 months	11 months
Kevin Benderman	US	Jul. 2005	”Missing Movement by Design,” “Desertion with Intent to Avoid Hazardous Duty”	15 months	13 months
Malcolm Kendall-Smith	UK	Apr. 13, 2006	”Refusal to obey a legal order”	8 months plus fine, etc.	2 months plus other penalties
Agustin Aguayo ( Amnesty International "Prisoner of Conscience"[19])	US	Mar. 6, 2007	”Desertion”		7 months
Ryan Jackson [20]	US	May 30, 2008	”Desertion”	100 days
***James Burmeister [36] (Returned to the US without being given a deportation order.)	US	Jul. 16, 2008	”Desertion”	9 months	3 months and 10 days [21]
***Robin Long [22] (Applied for legal status, but was given a deportation order)	US	Aug. 22, 2008	"Desertion with the intent to stay away permanently"	15 months	12 months[59]
Tony Anderson [23]	US	Nov. 17, 2008	"Desertion"	14 months
***Daniel Sandate (imprisonment began July 16, 2008; ended January 20, 2009) [29][30][31][32][33][60] (Did not apply for legal status; was deported)	US	Nov. 17, 2008	"Desertion"	8 months	6 months
***Clifford Cornell [27] [24] (Applied for legal status, but was given a deportation order)	US	Apr. 29, 2009	"Desertion"	one year, later reduced to 11 months[61][62]	11 months (Released Jan 16, 2010)[61][63]

"***" - Was in Canada as an Iraq war resister

See also

References

External links

• List of Resister Profiles at "Courage to Resist" website (US)
• War Resisters Support Campaign (Canada)
• "We move to Canada" Blog (Canada)
• Canada Border Services Agency